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Download fileThe Four Es of problem gambling : a psychological measure of risk
journal contribution
posted on 2017-12-06, 00:00 authored by Matthew RockloffMatthew Rockloff, Victoria DyerVictoria DyerA focus group of Reno area Gamblers Anonymous members identified four psychological traits contributing to risk for problem gambling, including: Escape, Esteem, Excess and Excitement. A panel of four experts authored 240 Likert-type items to measure these traits. By design, none of the items explicitly referred to gambling activities. Study 1 narrowed the field of useful items by employing a quasi-experimental design which compared the answers of Reno area Gamblers Anonymous members (N = 39) to a control sample (N = 34). Study 2 submitted successful items, plus new items authored with the knowledge gained from Study 1, to validation in a random sample telephone survey across Queensland, Australia (N=2577). The final 40 item Four Es scale (4Es) was reliable (α=.90); predicted gambling problems as measured by the Canadian Problem Gambling Index of Severity (PGSI, Ferris & Wynne (2001). The Canadian Problem Gambling Index: Final Report: Canadian Centre on Substance Abuse); and distinguished problem gamblers from persons with alcohol abuse problems. The new scale can provide a basis for further study in harm minimization, treatment, and theory development.
Funding
Category 1 - Australian Competitive Grants (this includes ARC, NHMRC)
History
Volume
22Issue
1Start Page
101End Page
120Number of Pages
20eISSN
1573-3602ISSN
1050-5350Location
New York, NYPublisher
SpringerPublisher DOI
Language
en-ausPeer Reviewed
- Yes
Open Access
- No
External Author Affiliations
Centre for Social Science Research;Era Eligible
- Yes