Zika virus: What paramedics need to know

Zika Virus Disease (ZVD) is a viral illness spread primarily through the bite of infected Aedes mosquitos. Human infection with the Zika virus typically presents with mild flu-like symptoms lasting two to seven days. Most recently, the Zika virus has been linked to birth defects triggering the World Health Organization (WHO) to declare ZVD a Public Health Emergency of International Concern. Although symptoms are typically mild, it is important that the paramedic has a comfortable working knowledge of ZVD transmission, presentation and steps for personal protection. This review will provide a brief overview of the history of ZVD, epidemiology, prevention, clinical presentation, management, and complications to help better prepare the paramedic for potential encounters with patients with ZVD.