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Factors associated with stillbirth in selected countries of South Asia: A systematic review of observational studies
journal contribution
posted on 2021-07-26, 02:26 authored by Samikshya Poudel, Pramesh R Ghimire, Nawaraj Upadhaya, Lal RawalLal RawalBackground Despite having the high rate of stillbirth in most of the countries of South Asia, there is a lack of synthesized evidence based on factors associated with stillbirth. This study systematically synthesizes the evidence on factors associated with stillbirth in the four selected countries of South Asia. Methods This review was conducted using Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Studies that examined factors associated with stillbirth in South Asia were searched using five major electronic search databases including MEDLINE, CINAHL, Embase, PsycINFO, and Scopus, published between January 2000 and December 2019. In the meta-analysis, significant heterogeneity was detected among studies (I2 >50%), and hence a random effect model was used. Results A total of 20 studies met the inclusion criteria. The pooled rate of stillbirth from the studies in Bangladesh, India, Nepal, and Pakistan was 25.15 per 1000 births. Pregnancy complications, maternal health conditions, fetal complications, lack of antenatal care, and lower Socio Economic Status (SES) were the most common factors associated with stillbirth in countries of South Asia. Conclusion This study confirmed that stillbirth in selected countries of South Asia remains high. To reduce stillbirth, a greater focus needs to be on timely management of preterm labor, maternal hypertension, and provision of financial support for quality antenatal and delivery care. The interventions should be targeted for women living in remote areas, who are less educated and those with low SES.
History
Volume
15Issue
9Start Page
1End Page
12Number of Pages
12eISSN
1932-6203ISSN
1932-6203Location
United StatesPublisher
Public Library of SciencePublisher License
CC BYPublisher DOI
Additional Rights
CC BY 4.0Language
engPeer Reviewed
- Yes
Open Access
- Yes
Acceptance Date
2020-08-26External Author Affiliations
Ujyalo Nepal, Ratnanagar Municipality, Nepal; Department of Research and Development, HealthWorks, NetherlandsEra Eligible
- Yes
Medium
Electronic-eCollectionJournal
PLoS ONEArticle Number
e0238938Usage metrics
Categories
Keywords
StillbirthSouth AsiaPreferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelinesPregnancy complicationsMaternal health conditionsFetal complicationsLack of antenatal careLower Socio Economic Status (SES)BangladeshFemaleHumansIndiaInfant, NewbornMaleMaternal HealthNepalObservational Studies as TopicPakistanPregnancyPrenatal CareRisk AssessmentGeneral Science & TechnologyDemography not elsewhere classified