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Deficiency of dietary fiber modulates gut microbiota composition, neutrophil recruitment and worsens experimental colitis

journal contribution
posted on 2021-09-07, 23:07 authored by Sj Shen, K Prame Kumar, Shu W Wen, Raymond Shim, Brooke J Wanrooy, Dragana StanleyDragana Stanley, Robert J Moore, Thi TH Van, Remy Robert, Michael J Hickey, Connie HY Wong
Ulcerative colitis is an inflammatory disease of the colon that is associated with colonic neutrophil accumulation. Recent evidence indicates that diet alters the composition of the gut microbiota and influences host–pathogen interactions. Specifically, bacterial fermentation of dietary fiber produces metabolites called short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), which have been shown to protect against various inflammatory diseases. However, the effect of fiber deficiency on the key initial steps of inflammation, such as leukocyte–endothelial cell interactions, is unknown. Moreover, the impact of fiber deficiency on neutrophil recruitment under basal conditions and during inflammation in vivo is unknown. Herein, we hypothesized that a fiber-deficient diet promotes an inflammatory state in the colon at baseline and predisposes the host to more severe colitis pathology. Mice fed a no-fiber diet for 14 days showed significant changes in the gut microbiota and exhibited increased neutrophil-endothelial interactions in the colonic microvasculature. Although mice fed a no-fiber diet alone did not have observable colitis-associated symptoms, these animals were highly susceptible to low dose (0.5%) dextran sodium sulphate (DSS)-induced model of colitis. Supplementation of the most abundant SCFA, acetate, prevented no-fiber diet-mediated enrichment of colonic neutrophils and colitis pathology. Therefore, dietary fiber, possibly through the actions of acetate, plays an important role in regulating neutrophil recruitment and host protection against inflammatory colonic damage in an experimental model of colitis.

Funding

Category 1 - Australian Competitive Grants (this includes ARC, NHMRC)

History

Volume

12

Start Page

1

End Page

14

Number of Pages

14

eISSN

1664-3224

ISSN

1664-3224

Location

Switzerland

Publisher

Frontiers Media

Publisher License

CC BY

Additional Rights

CC BY

Language

eng

Peer Reviewed

  • Yes

Open Access

  • Yes

Acceptance Date

2021-01-18

External Author Affiliations

Monash University; Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology (RMIT) Universit

Era Eligible

  • Yes

Medium

Electronic-eCollection

Journal

Frontiers in Immunology

Article Number

619366