Breaking bread: Assessment of household bread waste incidence and behavioural drivers

Bread, the most consumed floury product in the world, is one of the most wasted food products across the food supply chain. Yet, there is a paucity of research examining the magnitude of bread waste and behavioural drivers associated with it at the household level. This study analyses the incidence, behavioural drivers and disposal pathways of bread waste using a sample of 1462 households in Australia and a 7-day electronic diary method. Behavioural drivers related to bread waste were modelled using logistic regression models. The findings suggest that bread rolls, sliced bread and flat bread are the three most wasted bread products in Australian households. Higher grocery shopping frequency, ‘just-in-case’ buying, family households with young children and takeaway meal ordering are associated with higher bread waste. Bread disposal pathway analysis revealed that 55% of bread and bakery products are discarded through general waste bins, highlighting the immense potential of utilising bread waste in industrial processes such as biofuel production. Addressing bread and bakery waste can significantly contribute to achieving the SDG12.3 goal of halving the per capita food waste by 2030.