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Biomechanical and musculoskeletal measurements as risk factors for running-related injury in non-elite runners: A systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective studies

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posted on 2023-03-13, 03:26 authored by Benjamin PetersonBenjamin Peterson, Fiona Hawke, Martin Spink, Sean Sadler, Morgan Hawes, Robin Callister, Vivienne Chuter
Background: Running-related injury (RRI) is highly prevalent among recreational runners and is a key barrier to participation. Atypical lower limb alignment and mechanical function have been proposed to play a role in development of lower extremity injury. The purpose of this study was to investigate relationships between incidence of running related injury (RRI) in non-elite runners with biomechanical and musculoskeletal variables. Methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective studies. Published research indexed in MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, SPORTDiscus, AMED, and The Cochrane library until 13th January 2021, grey literature, and reference lists of included studies were screened to identify prospective studies of non-elite adult runners that measured a relationship between biomechanical or musculoskeletal measures and incidence of RRI. Results: Thirty studies (3404 runners), testing over 100 discrete biomechanical and musculoskeletal risk factors for RRI, were included. Nineteen studies were pooled in twenty-five separate meta-analyses. Meta-analysis of four studies detected significantly less knee extension strength among runners who developed a RRI (SMD−0.19, 95% CI−0.36 to−0.02, p=0.03), though this may not be clinically important. A meta-analysis of two studies detected significantly lower hip adduction velocity among runners who developed a RRI (MD−12.80, 95% CI−25.22 to−0.38, p=0.04). Remaining meta-analyses found no significant relationship between biomechanical or musculoskeletal variables and RRI. Conclusion: This systematic review and meta-analysis found the currently available literature does not generally support biomechanical or musculoskeletal measures as risk factors for RRI in non-elite runners. While meta-analysis findings for knee extension strength and hip adduction velocity as risk factors for RRI were statistically significant, the associated trivial to small effects sizes suggest these findings should be treated with caution. Until further evidence emerges, recommendations for injury prevention in non-elite runners cannot be made based on biomechanical and musculoskeletal measurements alone.

History

Volume

88

Issue

8

Start Page

1

End Page

26

Number of Pages

26

eISSN

2198-9761

ISSN

2199-1170

Publisher

Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Publisher License

CC BY

Additional Rights

CC BY 4.0

Language

en

Peer Reviewed

  • Yes

Open Access

  • Yes

Acceptance Date

2022-01-31

Era Eligible

  • Yes

Medium

Electronic

Journal

Sports Medicine - Open

Article Number

38

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