Quality of service and energy management of electric vehicles: A review

Electric vehicles (EVs) can play a significant role in enhancing energy security and achieving carbon emission reduction targets. Also, such vehicles can expedite grid integration of intermittent renewable energy resources. Quality of service (QoS) includes the factors that can significantly proliferate the number of EVs on the road, facilitating the fulfilment of the main objectives mentioned above. Likewise, EVs' energy management system (EMS) can provide further opportunities to successfully expand the EV market by improving the overall efficiency and fuel economy. This paper presents a comprehensive review of the QoS of EVs. Different aspects of QoS of EVs will be surveyed along with a review of EMS. Recent advances in these fields will also be discussed.