Ground heat exchangers for cooling and heating applications in buildings

Geothermal energy is considered a renewable and sustainable energy source with excellent potential for heating and cooling, electricity generation and direct-use applications. Ground heat exchangers (GHEs)are critical to exploiting shallow geothermal energy for heating and cooling residential and commercial spaces.GHEs are generally an array of pipes buried underground to facilitate heat exchange between the soil and working fluid. GHEs are part of ground source heat pump systems(GSHP), which are considered renewable energy systems to provide comfort conditions to occupants.