In everyday and learning tasks, the eyes have, firstly, the roles of locating and recognizing objects and then, secondly, directing the actions to make use of them (Land & Tatler 2009). The use of eye tracking can reveal important aspects about students’ learning processes. Because eye tracking provides insights into the allocation of visual attention, it is very suited to study differences in learners’ attentional processes. In this section of the book, the contributions focus on the visual processes that occur when participants are performing a task.